DYNAMIQUE DE L’AGRICULTURE SAHARIENNE EN ALGERIE

Abstract

The present work is interested in the dynamics of evolution which has marked the agriculture of the wilaya of Ghardaïa (Algerian northern Sahara). Surveys have been carried out to identify existing agrarian systems. The surveys were able to identify four modes of farming. These were established successively, based on historical developments and transformations in the socio-economic environment of the oases. Indeed, for several centuries, agriculture was limited to subsistence palm groves. However, from the 1960, a new form of palm groves was created by the public authorities. These new palm groves are commercially oriented, developed with the aim of improving the living conditions of poor rural populations. Since 1962, the liberation of the country and the emergence of private initiatives had made it possible to develop a new diversified and market-oriented peri-oases agriculture. Finally, the improvement in living conditions and the demographic growth recorded during the 1980s prompted the development of another more intensive form of agriculture, which can only be implemented this time outside oasis