LA PRESERVATION DES CULTIVARS DE PALMIERS DATTIERS SOURCE DE DURABILITE DU SYSTEME PHOENICICOLE: CAS DE LA REGION DE OUARGLA

Abstract

In Ouargla, the current phoenicicultural potential I sbothrich and diversified. It covers an area of more than 24,110 ha and has more than 2,399,145 feet of which 1,906892 producing more than one million quintals per year. The palm groves of thisregionstillretain a significantvarietaldiversity, date palm cultivars are part of thisheritage. We have identified 55 cultivars, 22 of which are rare. This varietaldiversityislowcompared to the large number of date palms. We have alsofoundthat about 70% of palm trees are over 50 yearsold, whichraises questions in terms of regeneration of palm groves. A renewal management plan must beinitiated to anticipate the aging of the Ouargla palm grove. Varietaldiversityis more or lesspresent but in a disparate waybetween the palm groves. However, the two main varietiesGhars and Deglet-Nour are present in nearly 60% of the palm grovessurveyed. The main secondary cultivars in the region are: Ajina, Ammeria, l'Anba, Ouzal, Sbaa- Badra. The plantingmethodisorganizedwith a spacing of 12 x 12 m in Hassi Ben Abdellah. In the rest of the palm grovesthisspacingis not necessarilyrespected. itisnecessary to think about the creation of local or regional collections, such as a Phoenicicole garden at the KASDI Merbah-Ouargla University, whichis in the planning stage, and to makeavailable to farmers a certain number of cultivars thatcurrentlyexist but in verylownumber in order to avoid the disappearance of thisheritage