Investigating and analyzing the manifestations of the presence of the “Implicit Reader” in Hariri maqamats based on the theory of reception

Abstract

With the emergence and expansion of literary theories in recent decades, there have been extensive changes in the field of literary criticism Undoubtedly, one of these theories that attracted the attention of many critics and writers was the "theory of reception" Because this theory, by reviewing the relations between the author, the work and the reader, changed its main axis in the study of literary texts from "author / text" to "text / reader" In fact, placed the reader in the center of the author's attention as a very important element so that he could write his work in accordance with the needs of the audience. The pioneers and the followers of this theory in the analysis of literary texts tried to study various concepts such as "waiting horizon, changing horizon, Implicit Reader, etc". This article tries to examine the author's attention to this important element in literary creations that is manifested in literary texts by examining the Implicit Reader in Hariri maqamat as an ancient type of fiction and Finally, discover the secret of beauty and readers' enjoyment of this ancient kind of story. In this regard, it was found that the author by creating gaps in the text of the maqamat, such as not entering some necessary details and using proverbs and allusions, has been able to accompany the reader to discover these spaces and gaps in the text. To the extent that in some maqameh, the reader is immersed in the text in order to discover them, so that he considers himself one of the characters in the text of the story, and this in turn doubles his satisfaction with reading the maqamat