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LES RESSOURCES FOURRAGERES AU SUD-EST DE L’ALGERIE DANS LA REGION D’EL HAOUCH (BISKRA): SITUATION ET PRESERVATION

2022-01-27T09:04:45Z

Titre: LES RESSOURCES FOURRAGERES AU SUD-EST DE L’ALGERIE DANS LA REGION D’EL HAOUCH (BISKRA): SITUATION ET PRESERVATION Auteur(s): ARAB Hadda; DEKHINAT Said; SELLAOUI Sassia; BOUFEDDA Nadia; MEHENNAOUI Smail Résumé: El Haouch zone situated in south-east of Biskra is a pastoral and fodder area. It is characterized by a dry and alkaline soil, with salt and limestone accumulations. The vegetation is well adapted to the harsh conditions characterized by the low rainfall and high heat. It is composed by halophytic fodder shrubs. They are permanent formations available in the rangeland and very appreciated by small ruminants (particularly sheep). These halophytes are perennial regardless of fluctuating environmental conditions, in contrary of herbaceous plants. Our data of studied forage showed that they were very interesting energy contents. Indeed, nitrogen and mineral contents can meet the physiological needs of livestock in this region. These halophytes allow to protect the soil against wind and water erosion, and even enhance unusable marginal land. Exploitation strategies optimizing the rational use of these natural resources guarantee their sustainability and pastoral activity. Description: Algerian Journal of Arid And Environment (AJAE)

EFFET DES CHAMPIGNONS MYCORHIZOGENES ARBUSCULAIRES INDIGENES SUR LA CROISSANCE DU BLE ET DE L’ORGE

2022-01-27T09:01:28Z

Titre: EFFET DES CHAMPIGNONS MYCORHIZOGENES ARBUSCULAIRES INDIGENES SUR LA CROISSANCE DU BLE ET DE L’ORGE Auteur(s): KHIRANI Safia; OULD EL HADJ; KHELILAminata Résumé: The objective of our study is to investigate the effects of inoculation of wheat and barley seedlings by mycorrhizal fungi isolated from the rhizospheres of date palms in the Ouargla basin. Biometric measurements of wheat and barley plants have revealed beneficial effects of native mycorrhizal fungi on plant growth inoculated with G. macrocarpum. The biomass of the aerial part has increased by 20% and that of the root part of 30%. In addition, the number of leaves increased from 10 in the controls to 12 leaves in the inoculated plants with G. macrocarpum. On the other hand, inoculating of plants with A. Gedanensis showed negative effects on all parameters measured and the lowest results. There are significant differences between the two crops (p <0.01), with regard to the measured plant traits. Wheat showed the most aerial part length (42.6 cm), compared to barley (35.9 cm). The microscopic observation of the fragments of wheat and barley roots showed the establishment of an association between these roots and the CMA spores, thus confirming the non-specificity between the host plant and the fungal partner. Description: Algerian Journal of Arid And Environment (AJAE)

SCREENING PHYTOCHIMIQUE Colocynthis vulgaris (L.) Schrader RÉCOLTÉ À OUED N’SA (RÉGION DE OUARGLA)

2022-01-27T08:54:09Z

Titre: SCREENING PHYTOCHIMIQUE Colocynthis vulgaris (L.) Schrader RÉCOLTÉ À OUED N’SA (RÉGION DE OUARGLA) Auteur(s): CHAOUCH Noura; DADA MOUSSA Belkhir Résumé: This study aims to realize a phytochemical screening of a medicinal plant used by traditional healers in the region of Ouargla located in the south - east of Algeria. To detect major chemical groups of active ingredients including alkaloïds, flavonoïds, cardenolides, tannins, saponins, steroïds, unsaturated sterols and terpenes, samples including leaves, rhizomes, roots, epicarps, pulps and seeds were harvested, dried in shade, powdered and finally submitted to chemical screening by conventional techniques focusing on color reactions and precipitation. The results showed that certain active ingredients are present in all plant organs, while others are either totally absent or identified in some organs Description: Algerian Journal of Arid And Environment (AJAE)

ALGERIAN PEARL MILLET Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br: A NEW POTENTIAL SOURCE OF AMINO ACIDS AND NON GLUTEN PROTEINS

2022-01-27T08:47:28Z

Titre: ALGERIAN PEARL MILLET Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br: A NEW POTENTIAL SOURCE OF AMINO ACIDS AND NON GLUTEN PROTEINS Auteur(s): MOKRANE Hind; BIBI Rafika; AMOURA Houria; BRIJS Kristof; BELHANECHE; BENSEMRA Naima; NADJEMI Boubekeur Résumé: In South Algeria, pearl millet is cultivated for feed and food. This cereal is well adapted to arid environment. The aim of this study was to identify the suitable cultivars to be used as gluten free source of protein and amino acids. For this purpose, eleven pearl millet cultivars of various colour and shape were sampled from the Algerian Sahara. Wide variability in protein contents (11.2 to 18.2 %.) was found in the studied cultivars. With the exception of one cultivar grown in Tamanrasset, all the local pearl millet samples were higher in protein content than the imported ones. Pearl millet samples were rich in essential amino acids (40% in average). The levels of lysine, threonine, phenylalanine, isoleucine and valine contents in all the sampled cultivars were higher than wheat, maize and sorghum. The extractability of pearl millet protein fractions (albumins, globulins, non reduced prolamins, reduced prolamins and glutelins) was investigated by a combination of size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The storage proteins (prolamins and glutelins) varied widely within cultivars and constituted the highest portion of the total extractable proteins in all pearl millet samples, the share of which ranged from 57% to 80%. Prolamins were the major protein fraction in the eleven cultivars (38 to 57% of all extracted proteins). The three pennisetin monomers with molecular masses (MM) of 27, 22 and 12 kDa were separated. This study shows that the sampled pearl millet cultivars from south Algeria, could constitute an alternative and good source of gluten free proteins and essential amino acids. Description: Algerian Journal of Arid And Environment (AJAE)