Point de vue sur l’analyse des corpus oraux

Abstract

Studies and scientific research vary according to the nature of the corpus to be analyzed, which also determines the method and the major axes of experimentation carried out. The contribution we are proposing questions a certain number of major elements concerning the oral corpus, it precisely locates: on the one hand the stage of the data collection in which the transcription operation fits, on the other hand this which is the peculiarity of the treatment of this kind of oral data. It is therefore important that the process of analysis does not depend solely on the recording of the communicative event produced by the speakers, so that it may seem very complicated, because we are confronted with the problems of corpus formation. In fact, it is a collection of different so-called oral discourses that we aim to study. From the outset we focus on this genre, without resorting to all subtypes because it is not affordable to start all the specificities of this kind in a single intervention. Whatever the sketches of such an interdisciplinary study in the context of the oral genres, the researcher is obliged to conduct a selection process carefully according to the requirements of his research, thus of submission and ranking, to obtain consistent data. The data in this case will be established by the researcher and the responsibility for the constitution of the corpus lies with the researcher himself. We thus see that the operation of constitution of the corpus remains important and not easy, since it determines the perspectives of the study and its objectives. A certain desire to highlight this type of body and from which emanate the following issues: To what extent and in what way does the treatment of this kind of oral corpus differ? For what goals and what are the limits?