SUSTAINABILITY OF PHOENICULTURAL SYSTEMS (CASE OF THE OUARGLA REGION)

Abstract

The sustainability of phoenicoles systems is a multidimensional and multicriteria concept. This notion takes into account criteria which vary according to the researchers and the schools. Some mention the socio-economic and ecological dimensions; others add the agrological dimension... After several readings, on this notion of sustainability, with its indicators, methods and diagnoses (IDEA, AHP ...), and to simplify the task, we took into account the following elements: socio-economic, agronomic (technical) and environmental to assess the sustainability of the three phoenicicultural systems present in Ouargla, namely; bour, ksourien and current.On the basis of several readings, in particular the survey work carried out in the region, we found it useful to assign a rating to the selected criteria, according to their importance, in order to make this sustainability visible. Preliminary results have shown that the bour system is extinct, if not on the verge of extinction. The Ksourian system is also in marked decline on all socioeconomic, agronomic and environmental levels, despite several indicators confirming the sustainability of this system. Here, it is therefore a question of thinking of a conversion of public utility. As for the current system, some farms are following a trajectory of sustainability, while the vast majority is failing. If interventions are necessary to be carried out to save as soon as possible certain assets closely linked to the notion of sustainability, the “public power” parameter, in other words political, must imperatively be one of the three other parameters retained.