QUELQUES CULTURES STRATEGIQUES POUR L’ALGERIE FACE AUX CHANGEMENTS CLIMATIQUES: L’ORGE (Hordeum vulgare L.) ET LE MIL [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. BR]

Abstract

The bread wheat and the durum wheat are the main cerealson which rest the diet of Algerians. These crops are known by their requirement in inputs and especially water. With climate change, Algeria already affected by desertification and the scarcity of water will be confronted more and more with difficulties to ensure its food security with a diet based primarily on these demanding cultures. To cope with this new situation, it is imperative to look for rustic cereal species and resistant to water stress.Beside barley which is little exigent, pearl millet is the most tolerant cereal drought. These two species could contribute to make up the deficit caused by the low productions on durum and bread wheat. The development of these cultures is important because in addition to their tolerance to drought, they are known for their beneficial effects on human health. Mix the flour of bread wheat and / or durum wheat to whole grain milled barley and / or pearl millet to make bread contribute not only to food security for Algerians but mostly to preserve their health. Used at double end, the interest of barley and millet to nourish the livestock, could also contribute to make up the known fodder deficit in Algeria. Beside performing varieties, the local germplasm constitutes a richness to be exploited right now and to integrate seriously in the programs of genetic improvement.