SITUATION SANITAIRE MAMMAIRE ET PERTES LAITIÈRES ENGENDRÉES EN ÉLEVAGE BOVIN HORS SOL DANS LE CENTRE-EST DE SOUSSE (TUNISIE)

Abstract

The objective of this work consist to evaluate mammary health of cows s, in order to assess the level of mammary infection and therefore the quantitative estimation of losses in milk linked to high cellular levels. The study was performed on 20 cattle farms totaling 197 cows present and 162 lactating cows in the Sousse region , spread over two areas of Central East , namely 15 herds in Zone 1 (Kalâa Kebira) and 5 herds in Zone 2 (Chott Mariem , Sidi Bou Ali and Akouda) , for a period of 3 months, spread from mid-February until mid-May 2012. The cells monitoring was performed by the Californian Mastitis Test (CMT) on a sample of 162 lactating cows (VL) during the first passage , but this number was reduced to 158 VL during the second passage and it decreased again during the third passage ( for reasons of drying or sale) to reach 147 VL controlled . It appears from this study that about 56 % of the functional areas (616) are infected. It should also be noted an evolution of the CMT results according to each passage. Such a situation requires an effective intervention to master risk factors. The quantitative losses estimated from both adapted estimates are relatively high: The total losses annual in milk are estimated at 45496 l, which corresponds to 2275 l by herd applying the estimate of Radostits and Blood. The estimate of Serieys, helped to detect the total annual losses in milk to the 91532 l, which corresponds to 4577 l / herd. Such an alarming situation shows bad management (sanitary, technical ...) of animal husbandry cattle controlled.