Analyse morphométrique et occupation du sol et leur influence sur les eaux du basin versant d’oued Mafragh (Nord estAlgerien)

Abstract

The Mafragh watershed is a remarkable natural reservoir of surface and groundwater. In this region, water is the main factor of development, requiring its mobilization in huge volumes. However, this development has had a negative impact on the quality of water resources (industrial, agricultural and urban pollution) on the one hand, and soil degradation through water erosion on the other hand. Our objective is to determine the hydrometric parameters of the "Mafragh" catchment area describe the state of land use/land cover and produce a map of natural water-related risk areas (water erosion). Therefore, the quality of surface water to know the seasonal evolution and the factors influencing this area. To achieve this objective, it is essential to know the topographical, hydroclimatic, lithological and hydrochemical conditions of the region, and to model satellite image processing data (Sentinel-2) and DEMs under GIS. The results obtained show that the waters of the Mafragh wadi watershed are generally eligible for human use. However, the catchment area remains vulnerable to natural water-related risks (the risk of erosion increases at the peaks).