Analyse moléculaire de la diversité génétique de plantes Xéro/Halophytes du genre Atriplex moyennant RAPD-PCR

Abstract

In the arid and semi arid areas, salt bush (Atriplex) represents an important forage resource. However, until now, there is not enough information on their genetic structure. Trials aiming to characterize the genetic diversity of these species are, therefore, useful for their classification, their conservation and improvement. In this context, we tried to estimate the genetic diversity level characterizing the Atriplex existing currently in Algeria. PCR-RAPD technic was used to test genotypes of three different species of Atriplex: A. halimus, A. canescens and A. nummularia. Obtained results showed 319 amplified bands which were mostly polymorphic. The analysis of the results, by NTSYSpc 2.02 j for windows, generated four different groups where the genotypes of two introduced species (A. canescens and A. nummularia) have been clustered into two independent groups. However, genotypes of the autochthonous species (A. halimus) have been subdivided into two different independent groups. In general, results revealed inter and intra high level of genetic diversity in the Atriplex studied species.