Caractéristiques biochimiques de quelques espèces de fruits charnus communes dans le Sahel algérois recherchées par les oiseaux frugivores

Abstract

In the Sahel of algeirs the availability of diverse fruits are important. We identified 90 species of fruit-bearing plants and exotic species belonging to 28 families of plants. The timing of fruit-producing species of berries during 4 seasons is such that the birds are fruits available throughout the year. We studied the biochemical characteristics of the fruits of 8 plant species most common in the Sahel Algiers. The biochemical characteristics of the fruits are taken into account the levels of water, carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. The rate for water varies between 9.21 ± 6.07% and 86.4 ± 1.79%. The most prevalent for the fruit with water levels between 50 and 75%, represented by 22 species (38.6%). Carbohydrate levels fluctuate between 21.5% Phoenix canariensis and 87.5% for Myrtus communis. As for the level of lipids they reach a minimum of 9.0% in the dates of Washingtonia filifera and 31.7% in olives of Olea europaea. The percentages of protein ranged between 9.6% for Myrtus communis and 48.4% for Pistacia lentiscus. We notice that Olea europaea and Ficus retusa are the richest in calories respectively with 584.1 and 518.4 Kcal / g. corresponding to 2441.3 and 2166.9 kJ / g. Melia azedarach meanwhile, has the nutritional value the lowest with 305.3 Kcal / g. corresponding to 1276.2 kJ / g. The analysis of variance revealed a significant difference between nutrients and plant species.