دور الحوار في درء النزاع (من منظور إسلامي)

Abstract

This study examines the role of dialogue in averting dispute and conflict from an Islamic perspective while showing the role of globalization in bringing closer and causing the overlapping of civilizations the emanating struggles and disputes, whereas the study showed the effective role of dialogues in the prevention of disputes and conflicts. To start with the study defined the role, which is the frequency either in person or idea as the subject of dialoguing is cited in the Holy Quran to connote the reviewing of talk and discussion between two parties. The study cited some Quran verses that show the dialogue is principal in the Holy Quran with special emphasis on it and considering it the best way for convincing which is the basis of faith that springs from inside the human being, besides the study showed the difference between debate and dialogue. The study defined the concept of dispute cited in several contexts such as the conflict of civilizations, cultures and borders and so forth as a result of clashes of forces around interests between the groups and nations that adopts incoherent goals or targets. Dispute is as old as man on earth. It expanded from local to global communities. The study also touched on the syllabuses of the discipline of dispute and explained them besides it also showed the categorization of disputes. Moreover, the study touched on the role of dialogue in the prevention of disputes with prevalence of the ethics and manners of dialogue which is based on mutual interpersonal and intergroup respect and showed the scientific basis of dialogue to render it fruitful and useful in averting dispute. The study shows that almost all the disputes between the human beings are identity disputes around the wealth, power and prestige and the widening of the gap between the rich and poor as the study explained the Islamic solution to this citing all the Quran verses proscribing greed in the collection and caching of wealth and how Islam encourages spending especially on the poor and the needy, besides it cites all the Quran verses advocating dialogue and mutual advising and spreading the culture of dialogue among the people. The study showed the role of dialogue in controlling dispute explaining the Islamic doctrine is demonstrated in a dialogic format and that all the debates with the rivals have taken place in the method of dialogue. There is a complete Surat in the Holy Quran called the Shura, meaning “the Consultation”, which is a truthful expression of dialogue, whereas the study cited the Quranic verses urging the Muslims to resort to peace in case of dispute. Finally, the study showed the role of dialogue in the settlement of disputes based on the Quranic teachings such as if a group of people assaults another one and has not opted to peace and goes on fighting, it will be fought until it agrees to dialogue, which takes place with justice and fairness between the parties. The study showed the principals of negotiation as a means of dialogue: üThe dialogue should adopt wisdom, gentleness while avoiding provocation and insult. üThe vision and goal of the dialoguing person should be crystal clear. üThe mutual respect between the two parties. üTruthfulness with the rival to build a mutual confidence between the parties. üMaintaining patience and avoiding outraging and rushing.