Vulnerability of the aquifer of the terminal complex and wellhead protection area of water catchment in the valley of El Oued

Abstract

Water is a raw material of great importance for the survival of human beings and their environment, Population growth in the study area requires a growing need for water. This work consists of a description of the geometry and the structure of the aquifers, carried out thanks to the geological study, which shows that the groundwater consists of medium to coarse ferruginous sand, siliceous and sand. The substratum and the roof of this layer consist of clays. From the climatic studies, it has been found that this region is characterized by a dry climate: Hot in summer, cold in winter with low precipitation. The hydrogeological study showed that the state of El Oued contains three layers of water of various depths. In the study of the vulnerability of the terminal complex aquifer of this region by the method of (WYSSLING), we found that most areas of the state have a low sensitivity to pollution, and that the protection zones of the wells varied from one place to another according to the hydrogeological characteristics of the well.