الجريمة و التغير الاجتماعي من منظور سوسيولوجي. The Crime and social change from a sociological perspective

Abstract

The phenomenon of crime from a sociological perspective. The Crime is a social phenomenon that has accompanied human society since its inception. From the perspective of social researchers, it is a behavior that deviates from social norms, values, and ethics. This behavior is controlled through Sharia rulings or the enactment of criminal laws to combat it. There are internal and external factors that have led to internal fragmentation and the disintegration of social systems, including the lack of control over global changes and their consequences, and the global transformation that is establishing a new world order that has not yet fully formed. International institutions have been emptied of their functional role in resolving disputes through peaceful means in accordance with international treaties. However, the era of aggression and the reliance on force as a fundamental element in achieving state objectives has led to conflicts that have fueled fundamental differences (race, religion, minorities, etc.). The rhetoric inciting violence practiced by states with veto power, without objection to their behavior, has had repercussions (on societies) resulting in internal crises for developing countries, where they have been forced to purchase means of defense against social, economic, and cultural development. The absence of democracy also contributes to the conflicts that have fueled fundamental differences (race, religion, minorities, etc.). Relying on the people, the smooth transfer of power, and the achievement of social justice within society have led to a hidden or sometimes overt conflict that translates into psychological distress, which transforms into crime as a reaction to a social, psychological, or economic factor. Criminal behavior in our lives has affected all social classes and both genders. In this research paper, we will examine the phenomenon of crime and criminals, a social problem that constitutes a national concern due to the spread of criminal behavior. We will attempt to understand the causes and practices of crime by posing the following questions: - What are the most important reasons and motivations for a person's tendency to commit crime? - Is the practice of crime hereditary, innate, or a natural reaction to the violence perpetrated against them? - What are its types and components?