Direction of arrival estimation methods for coherent and non-coherent sources

Abstract

In light of the swift advancement of wireless communication technologies, smart antenna systems have become essential tools for enhancing signal transmission and reception. These systems combine multiple antenna elements with sophisticated signal processing algorithms, including beamforming and Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation, allowing them to adapt dynamically to their surroundings. Important DoA estimation methods such as MUSIC, ESPRIT, and Min-Norm are assessed, along with improvement tech- niques like spatial smoothing and Toeplitz matrix reconstruction, which tackle issues re- lated to signal coherence. The introduced algorithms—AT-MUSIC and AT-MN—exhibit enhanced accuracy and resilience in intricate situations. As the need for increased data rates and resistance to interference escalates, especially with the progress of networks, smart antenna systems remain a promising avenue for solutions. Future research may in- vestigate machine learning techniques and real-time applications to further boost system efficacy.